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Compare New Caledonia (2003) - New Caledonia (2003)

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 New Caledonia (2003)New Caledonia (2003)
 New CaledoniaNew Caledonia
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud
Age structure 0-14 years: 29.7% (male 31,990; female 30,695)


15-64 years: 64.2% (male 68,093; female 67,205)


65 years and over: 6.1% (male 6,016; female 6,799) (2003 est.)
0-14 years: 29.7% (male 31,990; female 30,695)


15-64 years: 64.2% (male 68,093; female 67,205)


65 years and over: 6.1% (male 6,016; female 6,799) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products
Airports 30 (2002) 30 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways total: 9


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 6


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
total: 9


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 6


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 21


914 to 1,523 m: 12


under 914 m: 9 (2002)
total: 21


914 to 1,523 m: 12


under 914 m: 9 (2002)
Area total: 19,060 sq km


land: 18,575 sq km


water: 485 sq km
total: 19,060 sq km


land: 18,575 sq km


water: 485 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than New Jersey slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s seems to have dissipated. Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s seems to have dissipated.
Birth rate 19.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) 19.45 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $861.3 million


expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.)
revenues: $861.3 million


expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.)
Capital Noumea Noumea
Climate tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid
Coastline 2,254 km 2,254 km
Constitution 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies


conventional short form: New Caledonia


local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances


local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie
conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies


conventional short form: New Caledonia


local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances


local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie
Currency Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note - may adopt the euro in 2003 Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note - may adopt the euro in 2003
Death rate 5.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) 5.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $79 million (1998 est.) $79 million (1998 est.)
Dependency status overseas territory of France since 1956 overseas territory of France since 1956
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of France) none (overseas territory of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of France) none (overseas territory of France)
Disputes - international Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu
Economic aid - recipient $880 million annual subsidy from France $880 million annual subsidy from France
Economy - overview New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years. New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years.
Electricity - consumption 1.5 billion kWh (2001) 1.5 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production 1.613 billion kWh (2001) 1.613 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 76.3%


hydro: 23.7%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
fossil fuel: 76.3%


hydro: 23.7%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m
Environment - current issues erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires
Ethnic groups Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3% Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3%
Exchange rates Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 135.04 (January 2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998) Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 135.04 (January 2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999), 107.25 (1998)
Executive branch chief of state: President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Daniel CONSTANTIN (since 3 July 2002)


head of government: President of the Government Pierre FROGIER (since 5 April 2001)


cabinet: Consultative Committee


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress; note - last election held 28 November 2002 when Pierre FROGIER was reelected
chief of state: President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Daniel CONSTANTIN (since 3 July 2002)


head of government: President of the Government Pierre FROGIER (since 5 April 2001)


cabinet: Consultative Committee


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress; note - last election held 28 November 2002 when Pierre FROGIER was reelected
Exports NA (2001) NA (2001)
Exports - commodities ferronickels, nickel ore, fish ferronickels, nickel ore, fish
Exports - partners Japan 20.6%, France 20.4%, Taiwan 16.3%, South Africa 11.3%, Spain 7.7%, South Korea 5.4%, Australia 5.4%, Italy 5.3% (2002) Japan 20.6%, France 20.4%, Taiwan 16.3%, South Africa 11.3%, Spain 7.7%, South Korea 5.4%, Australia 5.4%, Italy 5.3% (2002)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description the flag of France is used the flag of France is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $3 billion (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $3 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 5%


industry: 30%


services: 65% (1997 est.)
agriculture: 5%


industry: 30%


services: 65% (1997 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $14,000 (2002 est.) purchasing power parity - $14,000 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA NA
Geographic coordinates 21 30 S, 165 30 E 21 30 S, 165 30 E
Geography - note consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls
Heliports 5 (2002) 5 (2002)
Highways total: 4,825 km


paved: 2,287 km


unpaved: 2,538 km (1999)
total: 4,825 km


paved: 2,287 km


unpaved: 2,538 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports NA (2001) NA (2001)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs
Imports - partners France 52.8%, Australia 12.7%, Singapore 9.8% (2002) France 52.8%, Australia 12.7%, Singapore 9.8% (2002)
Independence none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014 none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014
Industrial production growth rate -0.6% (1996) -0.6% (1996)
Industries nickel mining and smelting nickel mining and smelting
Infant mortality rate total: 8.06 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.76 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
total: 8.06 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.76 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -0.6% (2000 est.) -0.6% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ESCAP (associate), FZ, ICFTU, SPC, WFTU, WMO ESCAP (associate), FZ, ICFTU, SPC, WFTU, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 160 sq km (1991) 160 sq km (1991)
Judicial branch Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court
Labor force 79,395 (including 15,018 unemployed, 1996) 79,395 (including 15,018 unemployed, 1996)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.) agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0.38%


permanent crops: 0.33%


other: 99.29% (1998 est.)
arable land: 0.38%


permanent crops: 0.33%


other: 99.29% (1998 est.)
Languages French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects
Legal system the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law
Legislative branch unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 9 May 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPCR 24, FLNKS 12, UNI 6, FCCI 4, FN 4, Alliance pour la Caledonie 3, LKS 1


note: New Caledonia elects 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 and 16 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP 2
unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 9 May 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPCR 24, FLNKS 12, UNI 6, FCCI 4, FN 4, Alliance pour la Caledonie 3, LKS 1


note: New Caledonia elects 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 and 16 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP 2
Life expectancy at birth total population: 73.52 years


male: 70.57 years


female: 76.62 years (2003 est.)
total population: 73.52 years


male: 70.57 years


female: 76.62 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91%


male: 92%


female: 90% (1976 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91%


male: 92%


female: 90% (1976 est.)
Location Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia
Map references Oceania Oceania
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT


ships by type: cargo 1


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Malaysia 1 (2002 est.)
total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT


ships by type: cargo 1


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Malaysia 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $192.3 million (FY96) $192.3 million (FY96)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 5.3% (FY96) 5.3% (FY96)
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality noun: New Caledonian(s)


adjective: New Caledonian
noun: New Caledonian(s)


adjective: New Caledonian
Natural hazards cyclones, most frequent from November to March cyclones, most frequent from November to March
Natural resources nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR [Jacques LAFLEUR]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO] Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR [Jacques LAFLEUR]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 210,798 (July 2003 est.) 210,798 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 1.38% (2003 est.) 1.38% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors Mueo, Noumea, Thio Mueo, Noumea, Thio
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways 0 km 0 km
Religions Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10% Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 47,000 (1997) 47,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 13,040 (1998) 13,040 (1998)
Television broadcast stations 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997) 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain coastal plains with interior mountains coastal plains with interior mountains
Total fertility rate 2.39 children born/woman (2003 est.) 2.39 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 19% (1996) 19% (1996)
Waterways none none
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